Audubon Field Guide to Florida

National Audubon Society Field Guide to Florida
by Peter Alden, Rick Cech, Gil Nelson
1998

Florida's flora and fauna are so different from Michigan's that I regularly see unfamiliar birds, trees, and wildflowers. Several years ago I bought this compact field guide for my occasional visits to the state.

It's an excellent book that provides brief descriptions and glossy photos of over 1000 living things in Florida, from Longleaf Pines (Pinus palustris) to Moon Jellyfish (Aurelia aurita) to Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) and American Alligators (Alligator mississippiensis).

An introductory section gives an overview of Florida's topography & geology, its major habitats, and the night skies. Then comes the heart of the book, almost 300 pages devoted to individual species. The book concludes with a section on Florida's Parks and Preserves that describes dozens of sites in each region of Florida, with color photos and regional maps.

I recommend this guide highly.

Available fromAmazon and other booksellers.

This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Ibis

The White Ibis (Eudocimus albus) has a very distinct curved bill. Whenever I see them I feel I'm in an exotic landscape, even if they're just flying over a Walgreens.

Ibises use their curved beaks to dig crustaceans, insects, and other small animals from under the mud.


This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Myakka River State Park

Myakka River State Park, southeast of Sarasota, is one of Florida's largest state parks with an interesting mix of forest draped with Spanish moss, marshes full of wading birds, and open water.

There are nearly 40 miles of trails in the park, the longest ones open to overnight backpacking. One short nature trail leads through the trees and palmettos to a Canopy walk, a wooden bridge suspended 25 feet high that lets you see the ferns and epiphytes growing on the branches of mature oak trees. The suspension bridge leads to a tall tower, with an observation deck above the tree tops.


A concession area on Lake Myakka, an impoundment of the Myakka River, offers a snack bar, gift shop, picnic area and boat tours of the lake. They also rent canoes and kayaks. I've enjoyed seeing anhingas drying their wings at the lake's edge and alligators are even more impressive from a kayak.


Myakka River was selected for National Geographic's Guide to US State Parks. Floridian Nature also has information on the park.

Myakka River State Park
9 miles east of I-75 at
13208 State Road 72
Sarasota, FL USA 34241

This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Anhinga

For some reason, Anhingas (Anhinga anhinga) are one of my favorite Florida birds. While they don't have the colorful feathers of the Roseate Spoonbill or the elegance of a Snowy Egret, their strangeness appeals to me. Anhingas are fish-eating birds and excellent swimmers. Their long snake-like neck lets them snap up their prey. Apparently they are graceful fliers, but I typically see them at water's edge with wings spread to dry their waterlogged feathers. I've only seen them underwater a couple of times but their quickness in the water impressed me.


This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Great White Egret

Great Egrets (Ardea alba) are one of the most visible birds in Florida. They're big, nearly as big as Michigan's Blue Herons (which also live in Florida.) Their brilliant white feathers stand out from the green reeds and grasses making them very easy to spot, even at 70 mph on the Interstate.

I think of them as tropical birds, but apparently they are widely distributed throughout the world, even occasionally in Michigan and Wisconsin.

This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Corkscrew Swamp

Corkscrew Swamp is an Audubon Society sanctuary about 25 miles northeast of Naples that protects 11,000 acres of Florida hardwood swamp, including a large group of old-growth Bald Cypress. The preserve is a major nesting area for the endangered Wood Stork.

A 2.25 mile boardwalk provides an easy walk through an interesting habitat that would otherwise be inaccessible. The woods are so unlike the Midwest, full of strangler figs, wild hibiscus, and cypress knees (not to mention alligators). I was lucky enough to see a rare Ghost Orchid on one visit.

A visitor center provides exhibits on the fauna and flora of the swamp, a bookstore, and knowledgeable rangers. A variety of guided nature walks begin at the visitor center.







Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary
375 Sanctuary Road West
Naples, FL 34120


Admission



This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Wood Stork

Wood storks (Mycteria americana) are an endangered species in the U.S. Their population crashed in 1978 presumably because of disruption of their wetland habitat. (So their history is different from some Florida wading birds whose populations plummeted nearly 100 years earlier during the plume-hunting era.) Wood storks received federal protection in 1984 and since then their numbers have increased. (See a 1997 review by the Fish & Wildlife Service pdf.) At the end of 2010, Federal wildlife managers were reviewing its status and were considering a change from "endangered" to "threatened".

Like herons and egrets, these long-legged,long-necked birds, eat fish, frogs, and other aquatic life. They are, however, the only true stork in the United States.


This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge

Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge on Sanibel Island is a mecca for birdwatching and bird photography. The preserve protects the bays, bayous, mangroves and shoreline of the northern half of the island. Conditions vary with the tides-- what appears to be a lake with a handful of birds flying overhead will be revealed, a couple of hours later, as a mudflat filled with hundreds of wading birds.

The birds are easily seen from from the 5 mile Wildlife Drive which is open to cars and bikes, or you can ride the tram. The Indigo trail is available for long walks along the dikes and the Calusa trail is a short boardwalk on an ancient Native American shell mound. An observation tower about halfway through the drive gives a bird's eye view. Kayak rental in adjoining Tarpon Bay looks like a fantastic way to visit the refuge if you have time.

Beyond the abundant birdlife, I've seen alligators, raccoons, and a snake slowly swallowing a rat. They say there are manatees in Tarpon Bay, but I haven't seen them.

The visitor center has wildlife exhibits and a bookstore run by the Ding Darling Society. The rangers at the visitor center can recommend the best times and places to see wildlife in the refuge. It's good to plan some flexibility into a visit because of the tidal variation.

You can download a map of Ding Darling & Sanibel Island (pdf map) from the FWS. Floridian Nature has information on wading birds and water birds.

J. N. "Ding" Darling National Wildlife Refuge
1 Wildlife Drive
Sanibel, FL 33957

Admission
Closed Fridays

This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Roseate Spoonbill

Roseate Spoonbills (Ajaia ajaja) may be one of Florida's most beautiful and most bizarre-looking birds. Their bright pink plumage is strikingly attractive and draws the eye from a distance. At the same time, their bald heads and large spoon-shaped bills appear unnatural. Spoonbills feed by swinging their bills through shallow water. When they feel a small fish, crustacean, or aquatic insect their bill snaps shut.

At the beginning of the twentieth century, Roseate Spoonbills were nearly extirpated in the U.S. by plume hunters, who sold their feathers to the fashion industry. Florida restricted plume hunting in 1891 and 1910, but illegal hunting continued; a New York law outlawing the sale of feathers apparently had a bigger impact. Their population recovered gradually as habitats were protected and other state and federal laws took effect. No longer endangered, they remain sensitive to habitat changes and it remains a "species of special concern".




This post is part of a series on Florida's Gulf Coast

Florida's Gulf Coast

In the middle of a Michigan winter, many people dream of escaping to warmer climes. While I'm staying in Kalamazoo, this week's posts will take a virtual vacation on Florida's Gulf Coast, a traditional destination for snowbirds.

The Gulf Coast, for some reason, seems to attract Midwesterners while Florida's Atlantic Coast draws more New Yorkers & Easterners. I'm not sure why this is. Transportation routes could explain it since I-75 runs from Detroit to Tampa & Fort Myers while I-95 connects Boston/NYC to Miami. Before the Interstates, US-41 and US-1 made similar connections. Perhaps its origins are even earlier, going back to the days of the competing railroads of Henry Plant (through Tampa) and Henry Flagler (from St Augustine to the Florida Keys.) Or it could be a network effect: destinations based on friends' & family's prior visits. I'm not sure if anyone has applied the theory of migration networks to Florida tourism.

If you do get the opportunity to visit Florida, I'd encourage you to look beyond the tourist beaches and see some of the many natural areas of the state. These posts highlight some Florida places & wildlife that I've enjoyed seeing.

Florida posts:

Ding Darling National Wildlife Refuge
Corkscrew Swamp
Myakka River State Park
Roseate Spoonbill
Audubon Field Guide to Florida
Wood Stork
Ibis
Great White Egret
Anhinga